APA
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Steenblock, C., Toepfner, N., Beuschlein, F., Perakakis, N., Anjana, R. M., Mohan, V., … Bornstein, S. R. (2023). SARS-CoV-2 infection and its effects on the endocrine system. Best Practice &Amp; Research. Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism.
Chicago/Turabian
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Steenblock, Charlotte, N. Toepfner, F. Beuschlein, Nikolaos Perakakis, R. Mohan Anjana, V. Mohan, N. Mahapatra, and Stefan R. Bornstein. “SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Effects on the Endocrine System.” Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism (2023).
MLA
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Steenblock, Charlotte, et al. “SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Effects on the Endocrine System.” Best Practice &Amp; Research. Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism, 2023.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{charlotte2023a,
title = {SARS-CoV-2 infection and its effects on the endocrine system},
year = {2023},
journal = {Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism},
author = {Steenblock, Charlotte and Toepfner, N. and Beuschlein, F. and Perakakis, Nikolaos and Anjana, R. Mohan and Mohan, V. and Mahapatra, N. and Bornstein, Stefan R.}
}
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can infect multiple tissues, including endocrine organs, such as the pancreas, adrenal, thyroid, and adipose tissue. The main receptor for SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, is ubiquitously expressed in the cells of the endocrine organs and accordingly, the virus has been detected in various amounts in all endocrine tissues in post-mortem samples from COVID-19 patients. The infection with SARS-CoV-2 may directly lead to organ damage or dysfunction, such as hyperglycaemia or in rare cases, new-onset diabetes. Furthermore, an infection with SARS-CoV-2 may have indirect effects affecting the endocrine system. The exact mechanisms are not yet completely understood and have to be further investigated. Conversely, endocrine diseases may affect the severity of COVID-19 and emphasis has to be laid on reducing the prevalence, or enhance the treatment, of these often non-communicable diseases in the future.